Try a direct sata connection to your pc and use DiskInternals. Those SATA2USB cables don’t play nice with software sometimes.
Shut down your PC
Attach the drive to a SATA port on your motherboard and hook it up to your power supply
Boot up the PC and open DiskInternals and it should pick it right up.
Works great here
Or bring that USB2SATA cable back and get an E-SATA to SATA dock if your pc has an E-SATA port
If it still doesn’t work then the old drive has issues.